PPMT Google Sheet Formula

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PPMT Formula Syntax

=PPMT(0.05/12, 1, 360, 200000)

Example Use Case

Calculating the principal payment for a specific period of a loan

Understanding the PPMT Formula

The PPMT function in Excel calculates the principal payment for a specific period of a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest rate. It's a loan analysis tool for payment breakdown—like determining how much of a specific mortgage payment goes toward reducing the principal.

PPMT(0.05/12, 1, 360, 200000) calculates the principal portion of the first payment on a $200,000, 30-year mortgage at 5% annual interest. It takes rate, per, nper, pv, and optional fv and type arguments, providing the principal component of a specific payment—useful for understanding loan amortization over time.

Why Use PPMT?

PPMT breaks down payments—think loan equity tracking or amortization schedules. Its ability to isolate the principal portion of any payment makes it valuable for financial planning, equity projections, or understanding how loan balances decrease over time.

Example with Sample Data

Parameters	Formula	Result
Rate: 5%/12 (monthly) Period: 1 Term: 360 months Principal: $200,000 Type: 0 (end of period)	=PPMT(0.05/12, 1, 360, 200000)	-$240.31
Same mortgage Period: 12	=PPMT(0.05/12, 12, 360, 200000)	-$251.55
Same mortgage Period: 360	=PPMT(0.05/12, 360, 360, 200000)	-$1,069.16

PPMT isolates principal portions: -$240.31 principal in the first mortgage payment, gradually increasing to -$1,069.16 by the final payment. Negative indicates payment outflow. It's a principal payment analyzer.